So you can do it with node-qunit... But it's a bit fiddly...
npm install qunit
then:
node_modules/qunit/bin/cli.js -c jschardet:./index.js -t ./tests/jschardet.js
except you also have to change module to QUnit.module (because module is reserved in node) and equals to equal (because this is a newer qunit version) in the tests.