11:08 p.m.
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On 08/01/2010 01:47 AM, Paul Cartwright wrote:
On Sat July 31 2010, you wrote:
> The fdisk -l must be done as root.
>
>> I can't copy & paste because I am not on that laptop right now..
>
> The above output (which you haven't provided, yet) will tell whether you
> have spare space for an installation, or not.
>
> Once that is provided, I, or others, might be able to shed light on your
> problem.
>
> All the best,
oops, as I found out from another email, I wasn't doing that as ROOT...
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 100.0 GB, 100030242816 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 12161 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xa8a8a8a8
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 4462 35840983+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 4463 4717 2048287+ e W95 FAT16 (LBA)
/dev/sda3 4718 12162 59793409 5 Extended
Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda5 4718 5961 9989120 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 5962 8094 17133291 83 Linux
/dev/sda7 11919 12162 1951744 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda8 8095 11918 30716248+ c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
The above clearly describes your problem.
You have no free space to do another install.
you have 12161 cylinders.
From the 2nd line of the output, which details your disk geometry:
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 12161 cylinders
Your primary partitions (1 thru 4) map fully, all 12161 cylinders.
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 --> 4462 35840983+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 4463 --> 4717 2048287+ e W95 FAT16(LBA)
/dev/sda3 4718 --> 12162 59793409 5 Extended
Follow the "start" and "end" cylinders. Every cyl between 1 and 12161
(the last
physical cyl) is mapped.
This, in and of itself, is not a problem, as long as one is an extended
partition, which it is.
Now look at the extended partition. The purpose of the extended partition is to
allow partitioning to go beyond the 4 primary. Any of the 4 primary can be
designated as an extended. Many times it is partition 4, but it need not be, and
there is nothing wrong with it not being. In your case it is partition 3.
Notice that partition 3 maps from where partition 2 left off to the end of the
disk (i.e. look at the start/end cyls.
The partitions created in the extended partition are commonly refereed to as
"logical partitions". In Linux you may have up to 11 logical partitions.
That is to say, in linux, your per disk partition limitations are:
1 thru 4 are the primary, and among them the entire disk should be
be mapped.
Any disk cyl's not mapped via 1 thru 4 is not accessable.
Any of 1 thru 4 may be flagged as an extended partition, but only 1.
The extended partition can map partitions 5 thru 15.
Note that the 1st logical partition is 5, EVEN IF you did not use all
4 primary partitions (as in your case here).
Any disk in the extended partition that is not mapped by a logical
partition, is not accessable until it is. If you run out of logical
partitions, then it is not accessible.
When the installer looks for disk space to lay down an install, the above are
the rules that it must follow. Therefore it will look for unmapped disk space,
and a partition id (or id's) to map that unmapped disk space.
Now, looking at your logical partitions (with minor rearrangement to make things
more obvious):
/dev/sda5 4718 --> 5961 9989120 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 5962 --> 8094 17133291 83 Linux
/dev/sda8 8095 --> 11918 30716248+ c W95 FAT32(LBA)
/dev/sda7 11919 --> 12162 1951744 82 Linux swap
Suddenly, the reason for the installer's message is glaringly obvious. You do
not have any unmapped disk cylinders (as I suspected when I asked for your fdisk -l)
What you DO have is a 17 gb linux partition (#6) and a 30 gb windows partition (#8).
Some possibilities that you might consider:
1) using partition magic in windows, you might consider reducing the size
of the windows partition.
2) In Linux, it is possible to reduce the size of the FILESYSTEM on
/dev/sda6, and then reduce the associated partition. It is a 2 step
process (as just mentioned), and you must be very very careful in the
2nd step (reducing the associated partition). I usually use fdisk to
do this. The following are the caveats when using fdisk:
- Since partition 6 is not the last partition, you will
necessarily need to delete partitions 6, 7, 8, and then
recreate them, with a filler partition between 6 & 7.
- when 7 & 8 are recreated, they *must* be recreated with
exactly the same start/end cyl boundaries. Failure to do this
*WILL* result in catastrophic loss of any and all data in the
partition.
- Since the new partitions that map what used to be partition 7
and 8 will most likely be different partition numbers, you MAY
need to make some adjustments in the original os's that
reference the original 7 and 8 partitions (since the partition
id's will most likely change).
Either of the above will yield free (unmapped) disk space that the installed can
then use for laying down a new install.
cfdisk -Ps
FATAL ERROR: Bad primary partition 2: Partition ends in the final partial
cylinder
ignore the immediate above.
The rest is superfluous.
# <file system> <mount point> <type>
<options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0
# / was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=c2b10e6e-41fc-4fbd-bb7c-1a1974eaafd3 / ext4
errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /home was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=40436719-5fde-4f48-93f2-49457f0e1264 /home ext4 defaults
0 2
# swap was on /dev/sda7 during installation
UUID=03344fb4-f605-4675-92b9-090a48e88d0b none swap sw
0 0
All the best,
- -Greg
- --
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
Please also check the log file at "/dev/null" for additional information.
(from /var/log/Xorg.setup.log)
| Greg Hosler ghosler(a)redhat.com |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
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10:55 p.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
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On 08/06/2010 11:24 PM, Michael Hennebry wrote:
On Fri, 6 Aug 2010, Gregory Hosler wrote:
> may, in fact, not be reclaimable -- in Linux, partitioning is usually done on
> cyl boundaries).
Would you expound on that a bit?
The default behaviour of fdisk is to allocate partitions on cyl boundaries.
I've often seen *fdisk complain that a partition
did not end on a cyl boundary.
I've also read that cyl boundaries are not all that meaningful anymore.
In the early days, drivers were written to know about cylinder position of the
read/write operation, and would group i/o requests together to avoid unnecessary
seek. (this is still done, but the functionality has been moved into the block
i/o elevator algorithm.).
Modern disks have much more tracks on the outer cyls than on the inner cyls, so
the geometry displayed by fdisk (sectors per track, tracks per cyl, and # of
cyls) is not accurate. Be that as it may, it is still a reasonable
representation of the disk, and the upper layers will pretend that it is
correct, at least to the extent of ordering i/o to/from the disk.
In particular, I've read that (cyl, head, sector)
indexing is especially useless lately.
incorrect.
cyl,head,sector mapping/indexing is inaccurate, but far far from "useless".
Run the zcav tool from bonnie. It is absolutely demonstrate-able that the data
transfer rates to the outer cyls (low #) is *MUCH* faster then the inner cyls
(high #).
Using fdisk, one can control the location of the partition (by specifying the
start/end cyl). By controlling the placement of partition to the "high speed"
cyls (the outer rings) the i/o transfers *WILL* be faster that the same data
placed on partitions that are assigned cyls in the inner rings (high cyl #'s).
Saying that (cyl, head, sector) is useless (or especially useless) would not be
true.
I expect that is at least partly because not all cylinders
are the same size even on the same drive.
correct.
What is *fdisk actually complaining about when
it complains about a cylinder boundary?
In fdisk's limited view of the world, 1 cyl equals tracks times sectors, and all
tracks are the same size (which we know not to be true).
When fdisk is complaining, it is complaining that the # sectors times # tracks
does not align with it's view of a cyl.
Why does it care?
If filesystems are on cyl aligned partitions, then there is likely to be less
wastage (due to multiple block alignments), as compared to cyls that start on
randomly selected sectors, and end on randomly selected sectors. This is also
true with lvm and extents.
Take as a trivial example, a partition with 15 sectors total, and an extent of 8
sectors (4 blocks). In this case, there are only 1 usable extent. The remaining
7 sectors are unusable, wasted.
Of course with today's multi-gigabyte disks, divided into at most 15 partitions,
the actual amount of wasted space is trivial.
- -Greg
- --
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
Please also check the log file at "/dev/null" for additional information.
(from /var/log/Xorg.setup.log)
| Greg Hosler ghosler(a)redhat.com |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
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10:24 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Fri, 6 Aug 2010, Gregory Hosler wrote:
may, in fact, not be reclaimable -- in Linux, partitioning is usually
done on
cyl boundaries).
Would you expound on that a bit?
I've often seen *fdisk complain that a partition
did not end on a cyl boundary.
I've also read that cyl boundaries are not all that meaningful anymore.
In particular, I've read that (cyl, head, sector)
indexing is especially useless lately.
I expect that is at least partly because not all cylinders
are the same size even on the same drive.
What is *fdisk actually complaining about when
it complains about a cylinder boundary?
Why does it care?
--
Michael hennebry(a)web.cs.ndsu.NoDak.edu
"Pessimist: The glass is half empty.
Optimist: The glass is half full.
Engineer: The glass is twice as big as it needs to be."
7:03 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Fri August 6 2010, JB wrote:
Paul,
but the disk we debugged together recently (the one with your Media Direct)
was after that partitioned with F13 live cd (anaconda) ?
yes! and working fine right now!
--
Paul Cartwright
Registered Linux user # 367800
6:41 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
Paul Cartwright <fedora <at> pcartwright.com> writes:
On Thu August 5 2010, JB wrote:
> Now another example of a disk layout (also Paul Cartwright's, but a
> different computer - Dell XPS desktops):
> Btw Paul, is that disk also partitioned by Anaconda tool ?
no, that was done by Debian I think.. I think.. that was a few years ago 4-5
maybe..
Paul,
but the disk we debugged together recently (the one with your Media Direct) was
after that partitioned with F13 live cd (anaconda) ?
JB
6:50 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
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On 08/06/2010 04:49 PM, Michael Schwendt wrote:
On Fri, 6 Aug 2010 03:55:05 +0000 (UTC), JB wrote:
> JB <jb.123abc <at> yahoo.com> writes:
>
> Hi,
> let me follow the previous post with another example.
>
> One more "rule to follow" with regard to partitions:
> http://www.lissot.net/partition/partition-03.html
> ...
> Unlike primary partitions, logical partitions must be contiguous. Each logical
> partition contains a pointer to the next logical partition, ...
>
> OK.
> Now another example of a disk layout (also Paul Cartwright's, but a different
> computer - Dell XPS desktops):
> Btw Paul, is that disk also partitioned by Anaconda tool ?
>
> Between partitions 2 and 4 there is a free space marked as "logical".
>
> Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
> None
>
> It is clearly outside of the Extended partition range.
> How comes it is called "logical" if it violates the rule of contiguousness
?
You might want to examine the cfdisk source code to find out. cfdisk does
not claim it would be a valid partition. It just prints a partition type
for the free space, and that already could be a bug. Happens here, too:
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID) Flag
-- ------- ----------- ----------- ------ ----------- -------------------- ----
1 Primary 0 390625* 1# 390626*Linux (83) Boot
2 Primary 390626* 781250* 0 390625*Linux (83) None
3 Primary 781251* 39062500* 0 38281250*Linux (83) None
Logical 39062501* 39070079 0 7579*Free Space None
The space immediately above lies between the end of partition 3 and the start of
partition 4 (the extended partition).
It is unused, and *UNUSABLE* space (unusable, due to the fact that it is
*impossible* to map it with a partition id given your current partition layout).
Labeling it as "logical" is, well, not logical, in that it isn't a logical
partition. In fact, it's not a partition at all, as noted by the fact that it
doesn't have a partition id #). Labling it as "void" or "void
space" would
probably be a more accurate description of this disk space.
The only way to claim this space would be to backup everything on the disk,
repartition without leaving a "void", and then restore.
- -Greg
4 Primary 39070080 976768064 0 937697985 W95 Ext'd
(LBA) (0F) None
5 Logical 39070080 78124094 63 39054015 Linux (83) None
6 Logical 78124095 117194174 63 39070080 Linux (83) None
7 Logical 117194175 156248189 63 39054015 Linux (83) None
8 Logical 156248190 195318269 63 39070080 Linux (83) None
9 Logical 195318270 203125859 63 7807590 Linux swap / So (82) None
10 Logical 203125860 976768064 63 773642205 Linux LVM
(8E) None
> # cfdisk -Ps
> Partition Table for /dev/sda
>
> First Last
> # Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID)
> Flag
> -- ------- ----------- ----------- ------ ----------- -------------------- ----
> 1 Primary 0 128519 63 128520 Dell Utility (DE)
> None
> 2 Primary 128520 219463963* 0 219335444*HPFS/NTFS (07)
> Boot
> Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
> None
> 4 Primary 219463965 615401954 0 395937990 W95 Ext'd (LBA) (0F)
> None
> 5 Logical 219463965 223672994 63 4209030 Linux swap / So (82)
> None
> 6 Logical 223672995 265618709 63 41945715 Linux (83)
> Boot
> 7 Logical 265618710 615401954 63 349783245 Linux (83)
> None
> 3 Primary 615401955 625137344 0 9735390 CP/M / CTOS / . (DB)
> None
>
> # fdisk -l
>
> Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
> 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
> Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
> Disk identifier: 0xe686f016
>
> Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
> /dev/sda1 1 8 64228+ de Dell Utility
> /dev/sda2 * 9 13661 109667722 7 HPFS/NTFS
> /dev/sda3 38308 38913 4867695 db CP/M / CTOS / ...
> /dev/sda4 13662 38307 197968995 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
> /dev/sda5 13662 13923 2104483+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
> /dev/sda6 * 13924 16534 20972826 83 Linux
> /dev/sda7 16535 38307 174891591 83 Linux
>
> JB
>
>
- --
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
Please also check the log file at "/dev/null" for additional information.
(from /var/log/Xorg.setup.log)
| Greg Hosler ghosler(a)redhat.com |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
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6:49 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
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On 08/06/2010 11:55 AM, JB wrote:
JB <jb.123abc <at> yahoo.com> writes:
Hi,
let me follow the previous post with another example.
One more "rule to follow" with regard to partitions:
http://www.lissot.net/partition/partition-03.html
...
Unlike primary partitions, logical partitions must be contiguous. Each logical
partition contains a pointer to the next logical partition, ...
OK.
Now another example of a disk layout (also Paul Cartwright's, but a different
computer - Dell XPS desktops):
Btw Paul, is that disk also partitioned by Anaconda tool ?
Between partitions 2 and 4 there is a free space marked as "logical".
Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
None
It is clearly outside of the Extended partition range.
How comes it is called "logical" if it violates the rule of contiguousness ?
# cfdisk -Ps
Partition Table for /dev/sda
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID)
Flag
-- ------- ----------- ----------- ------ ----------- -------------------- ----
1 Primary 0 128519 63 128520 Dell Utility (DE)
None
2 Primary 128520 219463963* 0 219335444*HPFS/NTFS (07)
Boot
Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
None
The space immediately above lies between the end of partition 2 and the start of
partition 4 (your extended partition), which maps in front of partition 3.
It is unused, and *UNUSABLE* space (unusable, due to the fact that it is
*impossible* to map it with a partition id given your current partition layout).
Labeling it as "logical" is, well, not logical, in that it isn't a logical
partition. In fact, it's not a partition at all, as noted by the fact that it
doesn't have a partition id #). Labling it as "void" would be a more
accurate
description of this disk space.
The only way to claim this space would be to backup everything on the disk,
repartition without leaving a "void", and then restore.
Since it is only 1 sector big, I wouldn't bother with trying to reclaim it. (It
may, in fact, not be reclaimable -- in Linux, partitioning is usually done on
cyl boundaries).
- -Greg
4 Primary 219463965 615401954 0 395937990 W95 Ext'd
(LBA) (0F)
None
5 Logical 219463965 223672994 63 4209030 Linux swap / So (82)
None
6 Logical 223672995 265618709 63 41945715 Linux (83)
Boot
7 Logical 265618710 615401954 63 349783245 Linux (83)
None
3 Primary 615401955 625137344 0 9735390 CP/M / CTOS / . (DB)
None
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xe686f016
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 8 64228+ de Dell Utility
/dev/sda2 * 9 13661 109667722 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 38308 38913 4867695 db CP/M / CTOS / ...
/dev/sda4 13662 38307 197968995 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 13662 13923 2104483+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6 * 13924 16534 20972826 83 Linux
/dev/sda7 16535 38307 174891591 83 Linux
JB
- --
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
Please also check the log file at "/dev/null" for additional information.
(from /var/log/Xorg.setup.log)
| Greg Hosler ghosler(a)redhat.com |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
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10:55 p.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
JB <jb.123abc <at> yahoo.com> writes:
Hi,
let me follow the previous post with another example.
One more "rule to follow" with regard to partitions:
http://www.lissot.net/partition/partition-03.html
...
Unlike primary partitions, logical partitions must be contiguous. Each logical
partition contains a pointer to the next logical partition, ...
OK.
Now another example of a disk layout (also Paul Cartwright's, but a different
computer - Dell XPS desktops):
Btw Paul, is that disk also partitioned by Anaconda tool ?
Between partitions 2 and 4 there is a free space marked as "logical".
Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
None
It is clearly outside of the Extended partition range.
How comes it is called "logical" if it violates the rule of contiguousness ?
# cfdisk -Ps
Partition Table for /dev/sda
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID)
Flag
-- ------- ----------- ----------- ------ ----------- -------------------- ----
1 Primary 0 128519 63 128520 Dell Utility (DE)
None
2 Primary 128520 219463963* 0 219335444*HPFS/NTFS (07)
Boot
Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
None
4 Primary 219463965 615401954 0 395937990 W95 Ext'd (LBA) (0F)
None
5 Logical 219463965 223672994 63 4209030 Linux swap / So (82)
None
6 Logical 223672995 265618709 63 41945715 Linux (83)
Boot
7 Logical 265618710 615401954 63 349783245 Linux (83)
None
3 Primary 615401955 625137344 0 9735390 CP/M / CTOS / . (DB)
None
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xe686f016
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 8 64228+ de Dell Utility
/dev/sda2 * 9 13661 109667722 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 38308 38913 4867695 db CP/M / CTOS / ...
/dev/sda4 13662 38307 197968995 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 13662 13923 2104483+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6 * 13924 16534 20972826 83 Linux
/dev/sda7 16535 38307 174891591 83 Linux
JB
12:32 a.m.
New subject: Dell MediaDirect and GRUB (was: how not to initialize HD)
On Tuesday, 03 August, 2010 @10:57 zulu, Paul Cartwright scribed:
On Mon August 2 2010, Darr wrote:
> However, if that is the hard disk that came in your Dell,
> MediaDirect is ALREADY installed... you just can't see
> it because from the factory it was installed in a hidden
> partition at the end. In that cased all you should need to
> do is fix LBA0 - the MBR - (but NOT with XP's 'fixmbr'
> in repair mode, nor with fdisk /mbr), and/or the boot sector.
so, how come when I press the button now, I get the mediadirect
logo screen, then it goes right to the grub menu.
Because grub's installer altered the boot sector (which *used*
to make the MediaDirect partition visible+active, and point the
bootloader to that active partition) to point it at grub instead.
Refer to 'how the Dell MBR works' on the goodells.net site:
http://www.goodells.net/dellrestore/hpa-issues.htm
I booted the Dimension recovery CD, no repair.exe.
It's not the recovery CD... the Utilities & Drivers CDs are
usually blue and they have all the drivers and little utils (like
QuickSet, the Diagnostics util, the Dell Support launcher, et al)
on them that your laptop came with. I've never seen a Dell shipped
without one, but I do understand misplacing them over the years.
The driver CDs are specific to the model (even though Dell
doesn't print the model number on them), so unless your
Dimension also has the MediaDirect button, its Utilities &
Drivers CD wouldn't have the \MD2 subdirectory on it.
Microsoft's XP Pro Support Tools has a util (dskprobe.exe)
that allows backing up and restoring the MBR and boot sector.
I'm pretty-sure dd can do it too, but I have not had the need
to do so yet so I can't tell you the command string offhand.
5:57 a.m.
New subject: Dell MediaDirect and GRUB (was: how not to initialize HD)
On Mon August 2 2010, Darr wrote:
However, if that is the hard disk that came in your Dell,
MediaDirect is ALREADY installed... you just can't see
it because from the factory it was installed in a hidden
partition at the end. In that cased all you should need to
do is fix LBA0 - the MBR - (but NOT with XP's 'fixmbr'
in repair mode, nor with fdisk /mbr), and/or the boot sector.
so, how come when I
press the button now, I get the mediadirect logo screen,
then it goes right to the grub menu.
Here... check out this site
http://www.goodells.net/dellrestore/mediadirect.htm
that's not only a good synopsis of how MD works, but
they make a tool to diagnose and fix the Dell MBR
and/or the Boot Sector if the driver CD is missing.
You could also boot off the Utilities and Drivers CD,
then at the DOS prompt run
x:\ > CD \MD2
I can't find that CD... I did find one for my Dimension..
x:\MD2 > REPAIR
I booted the Dimension recovery CD, no repair.exe. The files I see are:
autorcd.exe
boot.cat
choice.com
diag32.bat
dosmenu.bat
reboot.com
and some folders
--
Paul Cartwright
Registered Linux user # 367800
6:21 p.m.
New subject: Dell MediaDirect and GRUB (was: how not to initialize HD)
Hi Paul,
First, just to be clear, MediaDirect is like its own OS.
When you use the MediaDirect button from the off state,
it sets a bit that's detected when the MBR is loaded (just
like Ctrl+F11 does to access the restore partition), then
makes the hidden partition active and boots MediaDirect.
On Monday, 02 August, 2010 @10:38 zulu, Paul Cartwright scribed:
do I NEED media-direct installed?
Only if you want to access media (DVDs, image files, audio
files) without loading windows or fedora... the main reason
to want that is to make the battery last longer; if you only ever
use it to watch DVDs while plugged in, then it doesn't really
'require' MediaDirect.
However, if that is the hard disk that came in your Dell,
MediaDirect is ALREADY installed... you just can't see
it because from the factory it was installed in a hidden
partition at the end. In that cased all you should need to
do is fix LBA0 - the MBR - (but NOT with XP's 'fixmbr'
in repair mode, nor with fdisk /mbr), and/or the boot sector.
Here... check out this site
http://www.goodells.net/dellrestore/mediadirect.htm
that's not only a good synopsis of how MD works, but
they make a tool to diagnose and fix the Dell MBR
and/or the Boot Sector if the driver CD is missing.
You could also boot off the Utilities and Drivers CD,
then at the DOS prompt run
x:\ > CD \MD2
x:\MD2 > REPAIR
That should restore the Dell MBR, making the MediaDirect
button work , but it will also disable GRUB's changes to
the MBR which gives you the dual-boot menu.
Still, see next and also below your next question. :-)
If it's not the original hard drive, then you would need
to call Dell's technical support and ask them why the
MediaDirect install CD was not included with your
laptop (assuming you bought it new), and they should
send you one. I've heard some people have been charged
(like $20) for it, but they sent me one with MediaDirect
4 on it at no charge. Apparently, MD 3 and higher do
not require the undectectable hidden partition, as MD
1 and 2 did. I'm still experimenting, but I'm pretty-sure
that means GRUB should be able to chainloader into it.
so, my errors might be because I have XP media center
installed, but DON'T have that free space?
I *think* which OS you have installed is irrelevant for
using the MediaDirect button from the Off state; If the
laptop's already turned on with the OS loaded, Dell's
QuickSet utility is required to unload the OS and boot
into the MediaDirect.. and since there is no linux version
of that util, I'm not sure the MD button can be made
to work from inside fedora.
As I said, I'm still experimenting.
I'll BCC this to your email, so if you're interested in the
results, drop me an email, say, thursday or friday. Since
the original thread is already splintered enough, I've
changed the subject, but the linking should remain.
If the results are positive, I'll post them for sure.
As others have noted, you probably don't *need* windows
for ANYthing... well, except there is no native linux 3D
CAD program available (for ANY price)... if you need
3D CAD, then you will have to live with windows for
the foreseeable future, because autodesk committed to
windows by incorporating the microsoft foundation
class libraries into AutoCAD.
would that be why linux all seem to show errors on my drive,
or is that just because it is 4 years old and well travelled..
I think it's the latter rather than the former. Try
CHKDSK /R /F
in a command window (Start->Run, CMD [Enter]),
then
reboot twice... the first reboot it will run CHKDSK (like
many hard drive utils, it won't run on the active partition,
so CHKDSK needs to unmount it), the 2nd reboot is just
to be sure CHKDSK isn't waiting to run again.
CHKDSK only shows its results right at the end, so unless
you sit and watch it for 10 minutes (or more) you might
not see if any repairs are attempted, nor its summary. On
a 4-year old disk, it would not surprise me if real surface
errors are present.
Dell was using mainly WD Scorpio Blue drives 'stock'
during that time period (which are warranted for only
3-years, of course). If you ordered a larger/faster drive,
then you might have a Samsung or Seagate (et al) instead.
You can get a discount on a new drive from WD, even
if it's out of warranty... choose the Warranty and RMA
Services option under Support on wdc.com, then End User,
then Warranty Check, enter your serial number (do not
include the WD- prefix) and click Continue. On the next
page, it will inform you the warranty is expired...
click the Upgrade link. ;-)
I have my doubts that WD's diagnostic can do anything
for it... I recommend the DR-DOS ISO (CD) if you try:
http://support.wdc.com/product/download.asp?groupid=702&sid=30
It takes a while to load, and when it's done be sure you
have selected the correct drive (if you use the Live USB
Creator, the USB might be the drive selected instead of
the hard drive). Now, this tool might not be able to fix
the problem[s]... if the reserved sectors are all used up,
there's not much that can be done for 'bad sectors.'
Sorry this is so long; I didn't have time to make it shorter.
Darr
6:36 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
Gregory Hosler <ghosler <at> redhat.com> writes:
...
The partitions created in the extended partition are commonly refereed to as
"logical partitions". In Linux you may have up to 11 logical partitions.
...
Any disk in the extended partition that is not mapped by a logical
partition, is not accessable until it is. If you run out of logical
partitions, then it is not accessible.
When the installer looks for disk space to lay down an install, the above are
the rules that it must follow. Therefore it will look for unmapped disk space,
and a partition id (or id's) to map that unmapped disk space.
...
Hi,
in the context of what you said above ...
I have included the result of F13 live cd anaconda partitioning done on Paul
Cartwright's disk (the older thread with the same name dedicated to fixing
it).
Can you explain the meaning of the last item (Free space)
Logical 192425984* 192426569 0 586*Free Space
None
being named "logical" and at the same being outside of extended
partition's range
4 Primary 105076736* 192425983* 0 87349248*Extended (05)
None
Should it be called "None" like the Unusable partition between 3 and 2 ?
Is that space mapped ("logical") or not ?
Will the installer (e.g. anaconda) know about it ?
Here are the outputs:
# cfdisk -Ps
Partition Table for /dev/sda
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID)
Flag
-- ------- ----------- ----------- ------ ----------- -------------------- ----
1 Primary 0 71682029 63 71682030 HPFS/NTFS (07)
Boot
3 Primary 71682030 100978904* 0 29296875*Linux (83)
None
None 100978905* 100980735* 0 1831*Unusable
None
2 Primary 100980736* 105076735* 0 4096000*Linux swap / So (82)
None
4 Primary 105076736* 192425983* 0 87349248*Extended (05)
None
5 Logical 105076736* 192425983* 2048# 87349248*Linux (83)
None
Logical 192425984* 192426569 0 586*Free Space
None
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 98.5 GB, 98522403840 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11978 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xa8a8a8a8
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 4462 35840983+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 6286 6541 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 4463 6286 14648437+ 83 Linux
Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda4 6541 11978 43674624 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 6541 11978 43673600 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order
JB
5:38 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Sun August 1 2010, Darr wrote:
> Does mediaDirect need 1308MB (i.e. 1.3 GB)
> be unallocated or was that a typo?
do I NEED media-direct installed?
It usually takes tools supplied by the disk manufacturer
to restore the HDD to its original capacity after MediaDirect
has been installed. e.g. SeaTools for DOS for Seagate drives
http://seagate.com/ww/v/index.jsp?locale=en-US&name=SeaTools
so, my errors
might be because I have XP media center installed, but DON'T
have that free space?
would that be why linux all seem to show errors on my drive, or is that just
because it is 4 years old and well travelled..
--
Paul Cartwright
Registered Linux user # 367800
10:24 p.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Sunday, 01 August, 2010 @15:04 zulu, JD scribed:
Does mediaDirect need 1308MB (i.e. 1.3 GB)
be unallocated or was that a typo?
Not a typo... some people recommended leaving 2GB
unallocated, but instructions I found elsewhere were
specific about 1308MB (that's 1.27GiB, btw). Dell
doesn't give a figure to leave unallocated... their site
insists the only way to install it is before the OS:
http://support.dell.com/support/topics/global.aspx/support/dsn/en/documen...
But other sites, not affiliated with Dell, say it's possible
as long as that space is left unallocated at the end.
That assumes you've already called Dell and requested
the CD, since they stopped including it with new laptops
about 5 or 6 years ago. There is no other way to get it
onto a new hard drive, since it's a hidden partition that
no cloning program even sees (not the Dell Utility nor
Dell System Restore partitions). but if you buy a new
larger hard drive, Dell will send it to you if you call,
tell them you need the CD, and they confirm you bought
a computer from them with MediaDirect installed on it originally.
It usually takes tools supplied by the disk manufacturer
to restore the HDD to its original capacity after MediaDirect
has been installed. e.g. SeaTools for DOS for Seagate drives
http://seagate.com/ww/v/index.jsp?locale=en-US&name=SeaTools
4:10 p.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Sun August 1 2010, Darr wrote:
I prefer using the gnome partition editor, myself (rather than
partition magic)... it gives a nice user-friendly GUI so you
can see what you're doing. The version I use comes in a
261MB bootable ISO from http://sysresccd.org/Download
so the file systems can be easily accessed while unmounted.
I used gparted, is that what you are referring to? nice GUI.
I'm wondering if the OP needs to 'unallocate' 1308MB on the
end of the disk for CyberLink's MediaDirect (a real battery
stretcher when using the laptop as a portable DVD player,
since it let's you watch them without fully loading an OS).
Does your Dell have a MediaDirect button next to the Power button, Paul?
I have
media buttons on the front of my laptop, to play, sound up/down... I
think it is windows Media center version, I think.. I never used much of the
media center options, esPECIALLY Windows Media Player, I HATE it when it took
over the entire screen!
but it is all better now, now I have XP & Fedora nicely dual-booting :)
installed mplayer, banshee, got evolution email all setup..
--
Paul Cartwright
Registered Linux user # 367800
11:34 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1
On 08/01/2010 10:47 PM, Darr wrote:
On Sunday, 01 August, 2010 @04:08 zulu, Gregory Hosler scribed:
> Now, looking at your logical partitions (with minor rearrangement to
> make things more obvious):
>
>> /dev/sda5 4718 --> 5961 9989120 83 Linux
>> /dev/sda6 5962 --> 8094 17133291 83 Linux
>> /dev/sda8 8095 --> 11918 30716248+ c W95
>> FAT32(LBA) /dev/sda7 11919 --> 12162 1951744 82
>> Linux swap
>
> Suddenly, the reason for the installer's message is glaringly
> obvious. You do not have any unmapped disk cylinders (as
> I suspected when I asked for your fdisk -l)
Maybe you missed something in the primary's listings, Gregory...
I seem to recall there being some unmapped cyls there.
Then you weren't looking closely.
- From the original post:
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 12161 cylinders
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 4462 35840983+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 4463 4717 2048287+ e W95 FAT16 (LBA)
/dev/sda3 4718 12162 59793409 5 Extended
- --
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
Please also check the log file at "/dev/null" for additional information.
(from /var/log/Xorg.setup.log)
| Greg Hosler ghosler(a)redhat.com |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: GnuPG v2.0.14 (GNU/Linux)
Comment: Using GnuPG with Fedora - http://enigmail.mozdev.org/
iEYEARECAAYFAkxVohIACgkQ404fl/0CV/RgoACg3Eij7nxR8QANHXHmdhOnpNEO
8msAnA11xJs4x/9u3koPcH45ow2m5y1y
=suKN
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
10:04 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On 08/01/2010 07:47 AM, Darr wrote:
snip...
I'm wondering if the OP needs to 'unallocate' 1308MB on the
end of the disk for CyberLink's MediaDirect (a real battery
stretcher when using the laptop as a portable DVD player,
since it let's you watch them without fully loading an OS).
Does your Dell have a MediaDirect button next to the Power button, Paul?
Does
mediaDirect need 1308MB (i.e. 1.3 GB)
be unallocated or was that a typo?
9:47 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Sunday, 01 August, 2010 @04:08 zulu, Gregory Hosler scribed:
Now, looking at your logical partitions (with minor rearrangement to
make things more obvious):
> /dev/sda5 4718 --> 5961 9989120 83 Linux
> /dev/sda6 5962 --> 8094 17133291 83 Linux
> /dev/sda8 8095 --> 11918 30716248+ c W95
> FAT32(LBA) /dev/sda7 11919 --> 12162 1951744 82
> Linux swap
Suddenly, the reason for the installer's message is glaringly
obvious. You do not have any unmapped disk cylinders (as
I suspected when I asked for your fdisk -l)
Maybe you missed something in the primary's listings, Gregory...
I seem to recall there being some unmapped cyls there.
I prefer using the gnome partition editor, myself (rather than
partition magic)... it gives a nice user-friendly GUI so you
can see what you're doing. The version I use comes in a
261MB bootable ISO from http://sysresccd.org/Download
so the file systems can be easily accessed while unmounted.
I'm wondering if the OP needs to 'unallocate' 1308MB on the
end of the disk for CyberLink's MediaDirect (a real battery
stretcher when using the laptop as a portable DVD player,
since it let's you watch them without fully loading an OS).
Does your Dell have a MediaDirect button next to the Power button, Paul?
3:49 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Fri, 6 Aug 2010 03:55:05 +0000 (UTC), JB wrote:
JB <jb.123abc <at> yahoo.com> writes:
Hi,
let me follow the previous post with another example.
One more "rule to follow" with regard to partitions:
http://www.lissot.net/partition/partition-03.html
...
Unlike primary partitions, logical partitions must be contiguous. Each logical
partition contains a pointer to the next logical partition, ...
OK.
Now another example of a disk layout (also Paul Cartwright's, but a different
computer - Dell XPS desktops):
Btw Paul, is that disk also partitioned by Anaconda tool ?
Between partitions 2 and 4 there is a free space marked as "logical".
Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
None
It is clearly outside of the Extended partition range.
How comes it is called "logical" if it violates the rule of contiguousness ?
You might want to examine the cfdisk source code to find out. cfdisk does
not claim it would be a valid partition. It just prints a partition type
for the free space, and that already could be a bug. Happens here, too:
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID) Flag
-- ------- ----------- ----------- ------ ----------- -------------------- ----
1 Primary 0 390625* 1# 390626*Linux (83) Boot
2 Primary 390626* 781250* 0 390625*Linux (83) None
3 Primary 781251* 39062500* 0 38281250*Linux (83) None
Logical 39062501* 39070079 0 7579*Free Space None
4 Primary 39070080 976768064 0 937697985 W95 Ext'd (LBA) (0F) None
5 Logical 39070080 78124094 63 39054015 Linux (83) None
6 Logical 78124095 117194174 63 39070080 Linux (83) None
7 Logical 117194175 156248189 63 39054015 Linux (83) None
8 Logical 156248190 195318269 63 39070080 Linux (83) None
9 Logical 195318270 203125859 63 7807590 Linux swap / So (82) None
10 Logical 203125860 976768064 63 773642205 Linux LVM
(8E) None
# cfdisk -Ps
Partition Table for /dev/sda
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID)
Flag
-- ------- ----------- ----------- ------ ----------- -------------------- ----
1 Primary 0 128519 63 128520 Dell Utility (DE)
None
2 Primary 128520 219463963* 0 219335444*HPFS/NTFS (07)
Boot
Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
None
4 Primary 219463965 615401954 0 395937990 W95 Ext'd (LBA) (0F)
None
5 Logical 219463965 223672994 63 4209030 Linux swap / So (82)
None
6 Logical 223672995 265618709 63 41945715 Linux (83)
Boot
7 Logical 265618710 615401954 63 349783245 Linux (83)
None
3 Primary 615401955 625137344 0 9735390 CP/M / CTOS / . (DB)
None
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xe686f016
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 8 64228+ de Dell Utility
/dev/sda2 * 9 13661 109667722 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 38308 38913 4867695 db CP/M / CTOS / ...
/dev/sda4 13662 38307 197968995 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 13662 13923 2104483+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6 * 13924 16534 20972826 83 Linux
/dev/sda7 16535 38307 174891591 83 Linux
JB
8:55 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
Gregory Hosler <ghosler <at> redhat.com> writes:
...
Hi,
FYI. This is from the dev team member.
From: Karel Zak <kzak@...>
Subject: Re: cfdisk - logical partition
Newsgroups: gmane.linux.utilities.util-linux-ng
Date: 2010-08-06 13:18:37 GMT (35 minutes ago)
On Fri, Aug 06, 2010 at 01:26:27PM +0200, J B wrote:
Example 1.
==========
The last item (Free space) is "logical"
Logical 192425984* 192426569 0 586*Free Space
None
but clearly outside of extended partition's range.
This is feature. The free space around extended partition is always
marked as logical if the number of all partitions is greater than 4
(it means you cannot create a primary partition).
Don't forget that cfdisk allows to create logical or primary
partitions only. The extended partition is created/modified
automatically for all logical partitions. The extended partition is
completely hidden in the default output (interactive mode).
4 Primary 105076736* 192425983* 0 87349248*Extended (05)
None
Should it be "None" like the Unusable partition between 3 and 2 ?
I don't think so.
Is that space mapped ("logical") or not ?
cfdisk is able to use the free space for logical partitions only.
From partition table point of view the space is invisible.
Will an installer (e.g. anaconda which uses parted) know about it ?
I don't know (try to use parted, you will see) ... it depends on
libparted. I think that smart partitioning tool should be able to
detect gaps in layout and reuse the free space.
> Example 2.
> ==========
> One more "rule to follow" with regard to partitions:
> http://www.lissot.net/partition/partition-03.html
...
> Unlike primary partitions, logical partitions must be
contiguous.
> Each logical partition contains a pointer to the next logical partition, ...
>
> Between partitions 2 and 4 there is a free space marked as "logical".
>
> Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
> None
>
> It is clearly outside of the Extended partition range.
that's the same situation like in your Example 1.
How comes it is called "logical" if it violates the rule of
contiguousness ?
No, cfdisk will update the first sector of the extended partition if
you create a logical partition from the free space. The final ext
partition will be contiguous.
# cfdisk -Ps
Partition Table for /dev/sda
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID)
Flag
-- ------- ----------- ----------- ------ ----------- -------------------- ----
1 Primary 0 128519 63 128520 Dell Utility (DE)
None
2 Primary 128520 219463963* 0 219335444*HPFS/NTFS (07)
Boot
Logical 219463964* 219463964 0 1*Free Space
None
4 Primary 219463965 615401954 0 395937990 W95 Ext'd (LBA) (0F)
None
5 Logical 219463965 223672994 63 4209030 Linux swap / So (82)
None
6 Logical 223672995 265618709 63 41945715 Linux (83)
Boot
7 Logical 265618710 615401954 63 349783245 Linux (83)
None
3 Primary 615401955 625137344 0 9735390 CP/M / CTOS / . (DB)
None
Example 3.
==========
This example is by Michael Schwendt <mschwendt <at> gmail.com> .
These are his comments.
You might want to examine the cfdisk source code to find out. cfdisk does
not claim it would be a valid partition. It just prints a partition type
for the free space, and that already could be a bug. Happens here, too:
First Last
# Type Sector Sector Offset Length Filesystem Type (ID) Flag
-- ------- ----------- ----------- ------ ----------- -------------------- ----
1 Primary 0 390625* 1# 390626*Linux
(83) Boot
2 Primary 390626* 781250* 0 390625*Linux
(83) None
3 Primary 781251* 39062500* 0 38281250*Linux
(83) None
Logical 39062501* 39070079 0 7579*Free
Space None
this is correct, you cannot create a primary partition (all positions
are used) and the space is possible to add to the existing extended
partition (part 4.)
4 Primary 39070080 976768064 0 937697985 W95 Ext'd
(LBA) (0F) None
5 Logical 39070080 78124094 63 39054015 Linux
(83) None
6 Logical 78124095 117194174 63 39070080 Linux
(83) None
7 Logical 117194175 156248189 63 39054015 Linux (83)
None
8 Logical 156248190 195318269 63 39070080 Linux (83) None
9 Logical 195318270 203125859 63 7807590 Linux swap / So (82) None
10 Logical 203125860 976768064 63 773642205 Linux LVM
(8E) None
Karel
--
Karel Zak <kzak@...>
http://karelzak.blogspot.com
--
To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe util-linux-ng" in
the body of a message to majordomo@...
More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
JB
6:25 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Thu August 5 2010, JB wrote:
Now another example of a disk layout (also Paul Cartwright's, but
a
different computer - Dell XPS desktops):
Btw Paul, is that disk also partitioned by Anaconda tool ?
no, that was done by Debian I think.. I think.. that was a few years ago 4-5
maybe..
--
Paul Cartwright
Registered Linux user # 367800
5:40 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Mon August 2 2010, Darr wrote:
>> Does your Dell have a MediaDirect button next to the Power
button,
>> Paul?
>
> I have media buttons on the front of my laptop, to play, sound
> up/down... I think it is windows Media center version, I think.. I
If your Dell has a DirectMedia button, it would look similar to:
http://photobucket.com/albums/e273/Darr247/Dell/Dell_MediaDirectButton_3908
.png
oops, I had to open the case.. the silver buttons are on the FRONT of the
laptop, you can select them with the case closed.. but the button all the way
to the far RIGHT, when you open the case, the is an arrow pointing to it and
the words stamped on the case say MediaDirect.
--
Paul Cartwright
Registered Linux user # 367800
12:36 a.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Sunday, 01 August, 2010 @21:10 zulu, Paul Cartwright scribed:
> Does your Dell have a MediaDirect button next to the Power
button,
> Paul?
I have media buttons on the front of my laptop, to play, sound
up/down... I think it is windows Media center version, I think.. I
If your Dell has a DirectMedia button, it would look similar to:
http://photobucket.com/albums/e273/Darr247/Dell/Dell_MediaDirectButton_39...
10:37 p.m.
New subject: how not to initialize HD
On Sunday, 01 August, 2010 @16:34 zulu, Gregory Hosler scribed:
Then you weren't looking closely.
- From the original post:
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 12161 cylinders
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 4462 35840983+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 4463 4717 2048287+ e W95 FAT16
(LBA) /dev/sda3 4718 12162 59793409 5 Extended
Right... and then the OP deleted /sda2, leaving 4463
through 4717 unallocated. That doesn't seem to add
up to 96MB by my calculator, though... still, since
Paul has since repartitioned, it's moot anyway.
5032
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5038
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23 comments
8 participants
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PaulCartwright